Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) that controls numerous cellular functions, including the cell cycle, differentiation, and metabolism. Phosphate molecules are transferred from molecules like ATP to amino acids on proteins, such as serine, threonine, or tyrosine. This modification is widespread-about 30% of all proteins in eukaryotic cells. These dynamic changes can modify protein activity, interactions, and stability, ultimately affecting signaling networks and cellular responses. Failures in phosphorylation are linked to a diverse array of diseases