Histomorphology and small intestinal sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 gene expression in piglets fed phytic acid and phytase-supplemented diets
TA Woyengo, JC Rodriguez-Lecompte, O Adeola, and CM Nyachoti, 2010. Journal of Animal Science, 88 (E-Suppl. 2):285.
02-Dec-2010 (15 years 6 months 4 days ago)An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary phytic acid (PA) and phytase supplementation on small intestinal histomorphology and sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) gene expression in piglets. Twenty-four piglets with an average initial BW of 7.60 ± 0.73 kg (mean ± SD) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental diets to give 8 piglets per diet. The diets were a casein-cornstarch-based diet that was supplemented with 0, 2% PA (as sodium phytate), or 2% PA plus an Escherichia coli-derived phytase at 500 FTU/kg. The basal diet was formulated to meet NRC (1998) energy, amino acids, minerals and vitamins requirements for piglets. After 10 d of feeding, the piglets were killed for determining histomorphology and small intestinal SGLT1 gene expression.
Phytic acid supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) villous height (VH) and VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio, but decreased (P < 0.05) CD in the jejunum. Phytase supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) VH, CD and VH to CD ratio. Phytic acid supplementation reduced SGLT1 gene expression in duodenum, jejunum and ileum by 1.1, 5.4 and 2.4 folds, respectively. Phytase supplementation increased SGLT1 gene expression in jejunum by 2.6 folds, but reduced the expression of the same in the duodenum and ileum by 2.0 and 4.0 folds, respectively.
In conclusion, PA reduced the CD in the jejunum and the SGLT1 gene expression in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, whereas phytase supplementation increased the expression of the SGLT1 in the jejunum. The reduced SGLT1 gene expression by PA implies that the latter reduces nutrient utilization in pigs partly through reduced expression of the SGLT1 that is involved in glucose and sodium absorption. The increased expression of the SGLT1 in jejunum by phytase supplementation implies that the latter alleviates the negative effects of PA partly through increased expression of the SGLT1.
Phytic acid supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) villous height (VH) and VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio, but decreased (P < 0.05) CD in the jejunum. Phytase supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) VH, CD and VH to CD ratio. Phytic acid supplementation reduced SGLT1 gene expression in duodenum, jejunum and ileum by 1.1, 5.4 and 2.4 folds, respectively. Phytase supplementation increased SGLT1 gene expression in jejunum by 2.6 folds, but reduced the expression of the same in the duodenum and ileum by 2.0 and 4.0 folds, respectively.
In conclusion, PA reduced the CD in the jejunum and the SGLT1 gene expression in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum, whereas phytase supplementation increased the expression of the SGLT1 in the jejunum. The reduced SGLT1 gene expression by PA implies that the latter reduces nutrient utilization in pigs partly through reduced expression of the SGLT1 that is involved in glucose and sodium absorption. The increased expression of the SGLT1 in jejunum by phytase supplementation implies that the latter alleviates the negative effects of PA partly through increased expression of the SGLT1.